Courts on AI / Fabricated or misquoted citations
Alejandro Rios v. Puente Hills Ford
California Court of Appeal · State appellate courts · CA · · 2026 WL 445097 · No. No. 24NNCV00486) · opinion
California Court of Appeal on 2026-02-17 in Alejandro Rios v. Puente Hills Ford found the self-represented party's brief contained three citation defects, including Osumi v. Sutton, Fiore v. Alvord and Stanley v. Univ, involving nonexistent authorities, fabricated or misattributed quotations. The court warned the self-represented party to verify legal authorities before future filings.
- Disposition
- The court warned the self-represented party to verify legal authorities before future filings.
- Recorded conduct
- The self-represented party's brief contained three citation defects, including Osumi v. Sutton, Fiore v. Alvord and Stanley v. Univ, involving nonexistent authorities, fabricated or misattributed quotations. — outcome: warning; actor: litigant in person
- Canonical record
- Incident tracker entry — verified outcome, regulator disposition and related rules
What the court wrote
Verbatim from the court's document (public domain). Ellipses mark omitted text; nothing is paraphrased.
2 We take our facts from the complaint. 3 Rios cites “Stanley v. Univ. of Southern California (2022) 98 Cal.App.5th 151” for the proposition that a defendant's unilateral misunderstanding as to a plaintiff's intent is unenforceable against the plaintiff. He cites “Eustace v. Lynch (2012) 209 Cal.App.4th 1457” for the proposition that general releases must be accompanied by a Civil Code section 1542 waiver. These reporter citations lead to decisions with entirely different names, and which do not support Rios's claims. Although we located decisions with the case names Rios provided, the existing Stanley decision is from a different jurisdiction and the existing Eustace case was decided 71 years before the nonexistent case Rios cites. (Stanley v. University of Southern California (9th Cir. 1994) 13 F.3d 1313; Eustace v. Lynch (1941) 43 Cal.App.2d 486.) The actual cases with these names do not support Rios's claims. 4 Rios purports to quote from Osumi and Fiore in his brief on appeal, but the quotations do not exist in those cases. Government Works.
Authorities cited in the passage: Stanley v. Univ. of Southern California (2022) 98 Cal.App.5th 151 · Eustace v. Lynch (2012) 209 Cal.App.4th 1457 · Osumi v. Sutton · Fiore v. Alvord · Stanley v. Univ. of Southern California · Eustace v. Lynch · Stanley v. University of Southern California