Incident Tracker
Global legal AI incidents, tracked as data
A court-and-regulator record of AI misuse in legal work: fabricated authorities, defective evidence, undisclosed tools and what happened next. Every row links to sources; unknown facts stay unknown.
- verified incidents on the record
- jurisdictions
- regulatory outcomes
- sanctions/fines total
- added or checked in 30 days
as of 2026-10-07 · decisions from 2023-06-22 to 2026-10-07methodologyincidents.json (CC BY 4.0) Hugging Face GitHubwhat courts said about AI beyond sanctions →476 provisional records awaiting the editor
Hugging Face
| Case | Jurisdiction | Who | AI tool | Consequence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kid International, LLC v. City National Bank of Florida, No. 4D2025-2599 (Fla. 4th DCA 2026)District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District | US-STATE | Lawyer | generative AI (unspecified) | Sanctions | — | |
| Tapscott v. Fariss, No. 25-1666 (Iowa Ct. App. 2026)Court of Appeals of Iowa | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Washington v. Justice, No. 2D2025-2678 (Fla. 2d DCA 2026)District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District | US-STATE | Litigant in person | generative AI (unspecified) | Dismissal | — | |
| Shannon v. Shannon, 322 Neb. 451 (2026), No. S-25-546Nebraska Supreme Court | US-STATE | Litigant in person | Generative AI (admitted; tool unnamed) | Filing struck | — | |
| P. M. M. c/ G. A., F. M. D. S.H. s/ cobro ordinario de sumas de dinero, Causa MO-14691-2021 (RS-722-2026)Cámara de Apelación en lo Civil y Comercial, Sala II, Departamento Judicial Morón (Buenos Aires Province) | OTHER | Lawyer | Generative AI (suspected) | Dismissal | — | |
| Hill v. Foundation Media LLC, No. 1:25-cv-05947 (AS) (S.D.N.Y. 2026)United States District Court for the Southern District of New York | US-FED | Lawyer | Harvey (original version, potentially supplemented by updates collectively referred to as Harvey 2.0) | Warning | — | |
| Ahmed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2026 FC 1202 (IMM-3886-26)Federal Court (Canada) | CA | Lawyer | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Aguilar v. The Crawford Group, Inc., No. 1:25-cv-12395-AK (D. Mass. 2026)United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts | US-FED | Lawyer | AI (unspecified enterprise-level tool) | Sanctions | — | |
| Cervantes v. Bianco, No. S295866 (Cal. Sept. 24, 2026)Supreme Court of California | US-STATE | Lawyer | AI tools (unspecified) | Regulatory referral | The Supreme Court referred the matter to the State Bar of California to determine whether discipline is warrant… | |
| Chirece C. v. Commissioner of Social Security, No. 25-11554 (E.D. Mich. 2026)United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan | US-FED | Lawyer | Generative AI (admitted; tool unnamed) | Fine | US$500 | |
| R. M. v. Mohr, 353 Or App 182 (2026), A188092Oregon Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Litigant in person | Artificial intelligence (admitted; tool unnamed) | Fine | US$250 | |
| Eric Posey v. Summer Bushnell, Docket No. 52072 (Idaho 2026)Idaho Supreme Court | US-STATE | Litigant in person | generative AI (suspected) | Warning | — | |
| Zhejiang Dingli Machinery Co. v. United States, Ct. No. 24-00221-MMB (Ct. Int'l Trade 2026)United States Court of International Trade | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Pending | — | |
| Hancox v Sutherland and others [2026] EAT 139Employment Appeal Tribunal | UK | Litigant in person | ChatGPT | Warning | — | |
| Lisandrillo v. Palozzi, No. 4D2026-2262 (Fla. 4th DCA)District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Pending | — | |
| Neill-Fraser v Tasmania Parole Board (Supreme Court of Tasmania, reported 15 Sep 2026)unverifiedSupreme Court of Tasmania | AU | Other | AI (unspecified) | Other | — | |
| Asiedu v. Eastlund, Nos. A25-2106, A26-0532 (Minn. Ct. App.)Minnesota Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Sanctions | US$2,341.25 | |
| Carter v. City of Buffalo, No. 25-CV-740 (W.D.N.Y.)US District Court, Western District of New York | US-FED | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| G.P. v. Jose Hernandez Arevalo, No. C26-284-KKE (W.D. Wash.)US District Court, Western District of Washington | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| State ex rel. Schnell v. Richardson, No. ED114731 (Mo. Ct. App.)Missouri Court of Appeals, Eastern District | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | US$1,750 | |
| Douglas v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Co., No. 24-CV-1099 (D.C. Ct. App.)District of Columbia Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Lawyer | Google generative AI search tool | Regulatory referral | The Court of Appeals struck appellee's brief and referred the matter to the Office of Disciplinary Counsel for… | |
| Falkenstein v. Niles, No. 2:26-cv-07078-SB-PD (C.D. Cal.)US District Court, Central District of California | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Pending | — | |
| Vijay Ghanshyam Gadiya v. Union of India, 2026 INSC 947Supreme Court of India | IN | Other | — | Other | — | |
| State v. Presti, No. CAAP-24-0000826 (Haw. Ct. App.)Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| Booker v. The Kroger Co., No. 1:26-cv-02006-SDG (N.D. Ga.)US District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Fine | US$8,000 | |
| Noble v. WMC Mortgage Corp., 2026 IL App (1st) 251168-UAppellate Court of Illinois, First District | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| Adams v. Matrix Providers, No. 1:23-cv-01996 (D. Colo.)US District Court for the District of Colorado | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Fine | US$1,000 | |
| Ashmeade v. Amazon.com Services LLC, No. 7:23-cv-04331-KMK-VR (S.D.N.Y.)US District Court, Southern District of New York | US-FED | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| James v. Conley, No. 1:23-cv-24467 (S.D. Fla.)US District Court for the Southern District of Florida (Magistrate Judge Elfenbein, report and recommendation) | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Pending | — | |
| Kiser v. DeSimone Auto Group, No. 2428 EDA 2025 (Pa. Super. Ct.)Superior Court of Pennsylvania | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Salloum v. Department of Transportation, No. 25CA1748 (Colo. App.)Colorado Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| Varma v. The Bank of New York Mellon, No. E085566 (Cal. Ct. App.)California Court of Appeal, Fourth Appellate District, Division Two | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Sanctions | The court directed the clerk to send a copy of the opinion to the State Bar for investigation of possible unaut… | |
| Williams v. Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport Board, No. 4:26-cv-00433-P (N.D. Tex.)US District Court, Northern District of Texas | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Johnson v. Nationstar Mortgage LLC, No. 1:25-cv-00855-JRR (D. Md.)US District Court, District of Maryland | US-FED | Litigant in person | generative AI (suspected by court) | Warning | — | |
| MFRD and National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIS), [2026] ARTA 1833Administrative Review Tribunal of Australia | AU | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| Potterf v. Wessels, No. 1:26-cv-10860-MFL-PTM (E.D. Mich.)US District Court, Eastern District of Michigan | US-FED | Litigant in person | artificial intelligence (admitted by litigants) | Warning | — | |
| Shelbert v. Baxter International, Inc., No. 1:26-cv-06266 (N.D. Ill.)US District Court, Northern District of Illinois | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Turgeon v. FHLMC, No. 1:25-cv-00510-SM-TSM (D.N.H.)US District Court, District of New Hampshire | US-FED | Litigant in person | — | Other | — | |
| SRA v Abhishek Kumar, Case No. 12884-2026 (SDT)Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal | UK | Lawyer | — | Strike-off / disbarment | The Tribunal found breaches of SRA Principles 1, 2 and 5 and Code paragraph 1.4, and found Code paragraph 2.4 p… | |
| Benjamin v. State, No. 2189 Sept. Term 2024 (Md. App. Ct.)Appellate Court of Maryland | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| LPC Commercial Services, LLC v. Ar-Razzaaq Properties, LLC, Record No. 1407-25-4 (Va. Ct. App.)Court of Appeals of Virginia | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | — | |
| Ruiz v. Magellan Financial & Insurance Services, No. CV-23-02090-PHX-DWL (D. Ariz.)US District Court for the District of Arizona | US-FED | Lawyer | ChatGPT (admitted by counsel) | Sanctions | — | |
| Adibi v. AIG Israel Insurance Co., Class Action 6989-05-25 (Tel Aviv District Court)Tel Aviv District Court | IL | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Capital Standard, LLC v. U.S. Bank National Association, No. 2D2024-1392 (Fla. 2d DCA)Florida Second District Court of Appeal | US-STATE | Lawyer | generative AI (unspecified) | Fine | US$1,500 · Court referred counsel to The Florida Bar. No disposition on record. | |
| In re Faisal S. Ahmed (Minnesota attorney discipline)unverifiedSupreme Court of Minnesota (stipulated attorney discipline) | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Suspension | 30-day suspension by stipulation, reported 21 August 2026; the Supreme Court order has not been located. | |
| In re Stephen Aarons (Supreme Court of New Mexico, murder appeal; case number not located)unverifiedSupreme Court of New Mexico | US-STATE | Lawyer | ChatGPT (per counsel's account) | Sanctions | US$5,000 · Court referred counsel to the Disciplinary Board (per Santa Fe New Mexican report). No disposition on record. | |
| Disruptive Resources, LLC v. Ballistic Barrier Products Inc., No. 1:24-cv-00321-JCG (D. Del.)US District Court for the District of Delaware (Judge Jennifer Choe-Groves, sitting by designation) | US-FED | Lawyer | Strongsuit | Warning | — | |
| Faiz Enterprise v. State Tax Officer, Unit-67, Surat, R/SCA No. 10123 of 2026 (Gujarat High Court)High Court of Gujarat | IN | Other | — | Other | — | |
| Full Standard Properties v. SJ 6070, No. 5:25-cv-09451 (N.D. Cal.)US District Court for the Northern District of California | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Costs order | US$14,500 | |
| Yunes v. M.A. Asli Marketing, Case 7669-06-24 (Haifa Regional Labor Court)Haifa Regional Labor Court | IL | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | ₪6,000 | |
| Guerra-Quezada v. United States (with Guerra-Vasquez v. United States), Nos. 25-10372 and 25-10555 (5th Cir.)US Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Apelacao Civel 1032884-04.2025.8.26.0224 (TJSP, 36a Camara de Direito Privado)Tribunal de Justica de Sao Paulo, 36a Camara de Direito Privado | BR | Lawyer | — | Fine | Court sent an oficio with the ruling to the Sao Paulo section and the Federal Council of the Brazilian Bar, inv… | |
| Arbuckle v. Tanner, 2026 NSCA 62Nova Scotia Court of Appeal (chambers) | CA | Litigant in person | — | Costs order | CA$20,000 | |
| Chapman v. City of Priceville, No. 5:26-cv-84-HDM (N.D. Ala.)US District Court for the Northern District of Alabama | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | — | |
| JMOR Properties, LLC v. Artist Alley Townhomes, LLC, No. 4D2026-1787 (Fla. 4th DCA)Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Regulatory referral | Court referred counsel to The Florida Bar under Fla. R. Gen. Prac. & Jud. Admin. 2.515(d)(2) and Bar Rule 3-7.1… | |
| A.P. v. S.K. (Droit de la famille, 261234), 2026 QCCA 1092Quebec Court of Appeal | CA | Litigant in person | ChatGPT (conceded by the appellant) | Sanctions | CA$1,000 | |
| Elliott v. New York Bariatric Group, LLC, No. AAN-CV-25-6066141-S (Conn. Super. Ct.)unverifiedConnecticut Superior Court, Judicial District of Ansonia-Milford | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Other | — | |
| In re BFI Waste Systems of Tennessee (City of Murfreesboro v. BFI), No. 3:22-cv-00605 (M.D. Tenn.)US District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, Nashville Division | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | US$1,500 | |
| Booker v. U.S. Bank National Association (In re Booker), No. 3:25-cv-01205-VDO (D. Conn.)US District Court for the District of Connecticut | US-FED | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| Barteca Holdings LLC v. Tacobarn Newtown LLC, No. 3:26-cv-00250 (D. Conn.)US District Court for the District of Connecticut | US-FED | Lawyer | Open Law, then Claude and ChatGPT (per counsel) | Sanctions | US$3,500 · Court referred counsel to the state disciplinary authority in its Order Imposing Sanctions (ECF 43). No disposi… | |
| De Ford v. Koutoulas, No. 6:22-cv-652-PGB-DCI (M.D. Fla.)US District Court for the Middle District of Florida, Orlando Division | US-FED | Litigant in person | ChatGPT (per the defendant's public statements) | Sanctions | — | |
| Kleyman Law Group, P.C. v. Kaloidis, Index No. 502644/2025 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., Kings County)Supreme Court of the State of New York, Kings County | US-STATE | Lawyer | Claude and other generative AI platforms (per hearing testimony) | Sanctions | US$46,511 · The order refers Alex I. Kleyman to the State of New York Grievance Committee for the Second, Eleventh and Thir… | |
| Southland Homes & Real Estate and Investment, LLC v. Lam, No. 30-2026-01569207 (Cal. Super. Ct. App. Div., Orange County)Superior Court of California, County of Orange, Appellate Division | US-STATE | Lawyer | ChatGPT and Google Gemini | Sanctions | US$4,000 · The appellate division directed the clerk to serve the sanctions order on the State Bar after remittitur and or… | |
| Forney v. Township of Cary, North Carolina, No. 5:25-CV-00738-M (E.D.N.C.)US District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Costs order | Chief Judge Myers referred counsel to the North Carolina State Bar. No disposition on record. | |
| Processo 0001601-72.2025.5.20.0005 (TRT-20, 1a Turma, Sergipe)unverifiedTribunal Regional do Trabalho da 20a Regiao (Sergipe), 1a Turma | BR | Lawyer | — | Fine | Full record forwarded to the OAB for an ethics investigation (per regional press report). No disposition on rec… | |
| FJL v TGO, Case No. 2025/220239 (Gauteng Division, Johannesburg, full court)High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division, Johannesburg (full court) | ZA | Judge | — | Regulatory referral | Opperman J, in a separate concurrence, referred the acting judge to the Legal Practice Council, reasoning that… | |
| Mendel S. v. Faigy S., 2026 NY Slip Op 26118 (Fam. Ct., Kings County)Family Court of the State of New York, Kings County | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | US$1,000 | |
| TOV Realty, LLC v. Suarez; Kosel Equity, LLC v. MacGregor, No. SC21183 (Conn.)Connecticut Supreme Court | US-STATE | Lawyer | ChatGPT (used to edit briefs after Lexis research) | Sanctions | US$2,000 · The court ordered a courtesy copy of its sanctions order sent to the Committee and the order posted on the Judi… | |
| Scott v. Illinois Human Rights Commission, 2026 IL App (1st) 251462Appellate Court of Illinois, First District | US-STATE | Lawyer | ChatGPT (per counsel's response to the court) | Fine | US$15,000 · At paragraph 82 the court directed the clerk of the Appellate Court, First District, to send a copy of the opin… | |
| In re Brian E. Mitchell, USPTO Proceeding No. D2026-16US Patent and Trademark Office, Office of Enrollment and Discipline | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Other | Public reprimand by settlement for violations of 37 CFR 11.101, 11.103, 11.804(c) and 11.804(d); settlement exe… | |
| Lichfield v. Kubler; Netflix, Inc., No. 25-4135 (10th Cir.)US Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Raad van Discipline 's-Hertogenbosch, ECLI:NL:TADRSHE:2026:93 (Case 26-379/DB/LI/D)Raad van Discipline 's-Hertogenbosch (Netherlands bar disciplinary council) | EU | Lawyer | — | Other | €1,250 · Formal reprimand (berisping) on a complaint by the local Dean for breaches of the core values of expertise and… | |
| LeDoux v. Outliers, Inc., No. 3:24-cv-05808-TMC (W.D. Wash.)US District Court for the Western District of Washington, Tacoma | US-FED | Lawyer | ChatGPT and Claude (per counsel's sworn declaration) | Sanctions | US$3,000 | |
| Lodhia v Twelve Trees, [2026] EWHC 1889 (KB)High Court of England and Wales, King's Bench Division (Media and Communications List) | UK | Litigant in person | — | Costs order | Linden J referred direct-access counsel Mr Chiffers of JSC Chambers to the BSB. The litigant himself was referr… | |
| Asif v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship [2026] FedCFamC2G 1402Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) | AU | Litigant in person | ChatGPT (admitted by the applicant) | Costs order | A$9,097.93 | |
| Gouldy v. Chiasson, No. 4D2025-1289 (Fla. 4th DCA)Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal | US-STATE | Litigant in person | — | Pending | — | |
| Apelacao Civel 0035599-44.2017.8.16.0014 (TJPR)Tribunal de Justica do Parana (monocratic decision) | BR | Lawyer | — | Dismissal | Oficio sent to the Parana section of the Brazilian Bar for possible professional measures. No disposition on re… | |
| Shahin v Industrial Relations Secretary on behalf of Multicultural NSW (No 2) [2026] NSWIRComm 11Industrial Relations Commission of New South Wales (Full Bench) | AU | Litigant in person | — | Other | — | |
| Yichang District Court (Hubei), 'non-drug passed off as drug' criminal case (AI-fabricated defence materials)unverifiedDistrict court, Yichang City, Hubei Province | OTHER | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Employees Provident Fund Organisation v. Principal Commissioner of Income Tax, W.P.(C) 6049/2026 (Delhi High Court)High Court of Delhi | IN | Other | — | Other | — | |
| Law Society of Ontario v. Lee, 2026 ONLSTH 136Law Society Tribunal (Ontario), Hearing Division | CA | Lawyer | — | Suspension | CA$10,000 · Six-month licence suspension and CAD 10,000 costs for filing a factum containing AI-generated nonexistent or ir… | |
| Dineen/Shibata v. Kotchka, No. 1 CA-CV 25-0606 PB (Ariz. Ct. App.)Arizona Court of Appeals, Division One | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Sanctions | — | |
| In re Rosslyn2016, LLC, No. 25-34507 (Bankr. S.D. Tex.)US Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division | US-FED | Lawyer | Westlaw AI tools (per counsel, who denied using ChatGPT) | Sanctions | US$29,877 | |
| Molawa and Others v Matjhabeng Local Municipality and Another, Case No. 2026-157576 (Labour Court, Durban)Labour Court of South Africa, Durban | ZA | Other | — | Other | — | |
| Akerlund v. Atlas Air, Inc. (Estate of Caviness v. Atlas Air), No. 24-11033 (11th Cir.)US Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Regulatory referral | The Chief Judge referred counsel to the Committee under Addendum Eight, Rule 2(C) of the court's rules. No disp… | |
| Cartagena v. Dixon; Dixon v. Cartagena, Nos. 1:25-cv-03552 and 1:25-cv-05144 (S.D.N.Y.)unverifiedUS District Court for the Southern District of New York (Magistrate Judge Jennifer Willis) | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Regulatory referral | The court added the new violations to an existing referral of counsel to the SDNY Grievance Committee. No dispo… | |
| Del Biaggio v. Bansen, No. A174647 (Cal. Ct. App., 1st Dist., Div. 4)California Court of Appeal, First Appellate District, Division Four | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Fine | US$1,500 | |
| Kibondo-Kilongozi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2026 FC 928Federal Court of Canada | CA | Lawyer | — | Warning | — | |
| Parnell v. Florida Department of Corrections, No. 25-11166 (11th Cir.)US Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Regulatory referral | Counsel referred to the Committee on Lawyer Qualifications and Conduct. No disposition on record. | |
| Tobosaru v Court of Law Craiova, Romania, [2026] EWHC 1720 (Admin)High Court of England and Wales (King's Bench Division, Administrative Court) | UK | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Pooja Ramesh Singh v. Jammu and Kashmir Bank Ltd. & Anr., 2026 INSC 668Supreme Court of India | IN | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Leiske v. Kidd, C.A. No. 2025-0426-CDW (LWW) (Del. Ch.)Court of Chancery of Delaware | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Lnu v. Blanche, No. 24-4790 (9th Cir.)US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | US-FED | Not recorded | — | Suspension | US$5,000 · The Ninth Circuit ordered the Clerk to serve its disciplinary order on the State Bar of California and any othe… | |
| State ex rel. Oklahoma Bar Association v. Reeves, 2026 OK 37Supreme Court of Oklahoma | US-STATE | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Warning | Public reprimand by the Supreme Court of Oklahoma (27 May 2026) under reciprocal discipline, following a Texas… | |
| Cork & Anor v Smith, [2026] EWHC 1199 (Ch)High Court of England and Wales (Business and Property Courts, Insolvency and Companies List) | UK | Not recorded | — | Regulatory referral | Pinsent Masons self-referred to the SRA and agreed to pay the clients' costs arising from the erroneous corresp… | |
| Gleason v. Marcus, No. 2D2024-2688 (Fla. 2d DCA)Florida Second District Court of Appeal | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Warning | — | |
| Rafique v Commissioners for HMRC, [2026] UKFTT 673 (TC)First-tier Tribunal (Tax Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Tuyunuklu v Akmal, [2026] UKUT 174 (LC)Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Ibach v. Stewart, No. SC-2025-0106 (Ala.)Supreme Court of Alabama | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Sanctions | US$17,200 · The Supreme Court of Alabama referred Hall to the Alabama State Bar for potential discipline over possible viol… | |
| In re Prince Global Holdings Ltd., No. 26-10769 (MG) (Bankr. S.D.N.Y.), Sullivan & Cromwell AI-citation disclosureUS Bankruptcy Court, Southern District of New York (Chief Judge Martin Glenn) | US-FED | Firm | — | Other | — | |
| McCarthy v. U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (3d Cir. 2026), No. 24-2704US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit | US-FED | Not recorded | AI (unspecified) | Warning | — | |
| Guerin v O'Doherty, [2026] IECA 48Court of Appeal (Ireland) | IE | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Ben Cohen v. Municipality of Ramat Gan & Ministry of Education, AAM 63194-08-25Supreme Court of Israel (sitting as the Court of Administrative Appeals) | IL | Not recorded | — | Costs order | ₪30,000 | |
| Prososki v. Regan, 321 Neb. 38 (2026)Nebraska Supreme Court | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Regulatory referral | Appellant's counsel W. Gregory Lake was referred for investigation of potential violations of the Rules of Prof… | |
| State v. Coleman, 2026-Ohio-965 (Ohio Ct. App., 11th Dist.)Ohio Court of Appeals, Eleventh Appellate District | US-STATE | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Sanctions | US$2,000 · The court referred counsel's conduct to the Office of Disciplinary Counsel of the Supreme Court of Ohio for inv… | |
| Von Geitz v Kelly & Ors; Von Geitz v Robertson & Ors, [2026] IECA 29Court of Appeal (Ireland) | IE | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Green v Imprint Creative Print Solutions Ltd, 1809293/2024Employment Tribunal (Leeds) | UK | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Tan Hai Peng Micheal and another v Tan Cheong Joo and another [2026] SGHC 49General Division of the High Court of the Republic of Singapore | SG | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Costs order | SGD 10,000 | |
| Ferko v Beyond Reach Ltd t/a Car Wash Crew, ADJ-00060622Workplace Relations Commission | IE | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Jones v Family Court at Whangārei [2026] NZSC 1Supreme Court of New Zealand | NZ | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Professional Standards Authority v Nursing and Midwifery Council & Anor, [2026] EWHC 141 (Admin)High Court of England and Wales (King's Bench Division, Administrative Court) | UK | Not recorded | Microsoft Copilot | Warning | — | |
| Folarin v Immigration Services Commissioner, [2026] UKFTT 135 (GRC)First-tier Tribunal (General Regulatory Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Dismissal | — | |
| Cassata v. Michael Macrina Architect, P.C., 2026 NY Slip Op 26014New York Supreme Court, Suffolk County | US-STATE | Not recorded | generative AI (AI-enhanced Westlaw) | Sanctions | US$10,000 | |
| Huish v Commissioners for HMRC, [2026] UKFTT 129 (TC)First-tier Tribunal (Tax Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Deutsche Bank Natl. Trust Co. v. LeTennier, 2026 NY Slip Op 00040 (App. Div. 3d Dept.)New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Third Department | US-STATE | Not recorded | generative AI (unspecified) | Sanctions | US$10,000 | |
| Elden v Commissioners for HMRC, [2026] UKFTT 41 (TC)First-tier Tribunal (Tax Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Couvrette v. Wisnovsky, No. 1:21-cv-00157-CL (D. Or.)US District Court, District of Oregon (Medford Division) | US-FED | Not recorded | — | Sanctions | US$110,204 · The court directed the Clerk to transmit its 12 December 2025 sanctions order to the Oregon State Bar (Brigandi… | |
| Ko v. Li, 2025 ONSC 2965; 2025 ONSC 6785Ontario Superior Court of Justice | CA | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Regulatory referral | The Law Society Tribunal found professional misconduct, including incompetent AI use and dishonesty to the cour… | |
| UK v Secretary of State for the Home Department (AI hallucinations; supervision; Hamid), [2026] UKUT 81 (IAC)Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | Google AI | Regulatory referral | Solicitor and COLP Zubair Rasheed was referred to the SRA for failing to supervise the caseworker who drafted t… | |
| Sheppard v Jillion LLC [2025] QIC (E) 3 (CTFIC0033/2025)Qatar Financial Centre Civil and Commercial Court (First Instance Circuit) | GULF | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Mezu v. Mezu (Md. App. Ct. 2025), No. 361 Sept. Term 2025Appellate Court of Maryland | US-STATE | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Regulatory referral | The court referred the attorney to the Maryland Attorney Grievance Commission based on the nature and severity… | |
| KMG Wires Pvt Ltd v. National Faceless Assessment Centre, WP(L) 24366/2025 (2025:BHC-OS:19789-DB)High Court of Judicature at Bombay | IN | Not recorded | generative AI (unspecified) | Other | — | |
| In re R.A. (Iowa Ct. App. 2025), No. 24-1629Court of Appeals of Iowa | US-STATE | Not recorded | AI-driven research tools (unspecified) | Regulatory referral | US$150 · The court struck the reply brief, imposed a $150 penalty (or two hours of AI-ethics CLE in lieu), and directed… | |
| Specter Aviation Limited c. Laprade, 2025 QCCS 3521Cour supérieure du Québec (Quebec Superior Court) | CA | Litigant in person | — | Fine | CA$5,000 | |
| Reddy v Saroya, 2025 ABCA 322Court of Appeal of Alberta | CA | Lawyer | — | Pending | — | |
| Greenopolis Welfare Association v. Narender Singh & Ors, CM(M) 1909/2025High Court of Delhi | IN | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Bethany Cingel v. Gregory Ferreri (Ind. Ct. App. 2025), No. 25A-DC-00500Court of Appeals of Indiana | US-STATE | Not recorded | generative AI (suspected) | Warning | — | |
| Noland v. Land of the Free, L.P., No. B331918 (Cal. Ct. App.)California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District | US-STATE | Not recorded | generative AI (unspecified) | Sanctions | US$10,000 · The court directed the clerk of the court to serve a copy of its opinion on the State Bar of California, referr… | |
| Processo nº 1001467-35.2024.5.02.0467 (TRT-2, 4ª Turma)Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 2ª Região (TRT-2), São Paulo (4ª Turma) | BR | Not recorded | — | Sanctions | — | |
| Kurt Williams v. Karin Kirch (Ind. Ct. App. 2025), No. 25A-SC-00196Court of Appeals of Indiana | US-STATE | Not recorded | generative AI (suspected) | Warning | — | |
| JNE24 v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship [2025] FedCFamC2G 1314Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2), General Federal Law | AU | Not recorded | Claude (research) and Microsoft Copilot (validation) | Costs order | A$8,371.30 · The court referred the lawyer's conduct to the Legal Practice Board of Western Australia; no LPBWA disposition… | |
| MS (Professional conduct, AI generated documents) Bangladesh, [2025] UKUT 305 (IAC)Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Regulatory referral | The Upper Tribunal, presided over by its President Mr Justice Dove, referred barrister Muhammad Mujeebur Rahman… | |
| The Father v The Mother & Ors, [2025] EWHC 2135 (Fam)High Court of England and Wales (Family Division) | UK | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| HMRC v Gunnarsson, [2025] UKUT 247 (TCC)Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Johnson v. Dunn, No. 2:21-cv-01701-AMM (N.D. Ala.), 792 F. Supp. 3d 1241US District Court, Northern District of Alabama (Southern Division) | US-FED | Lawyer | ChatGPT | Sanctions | Order served on the bar for further proceedings as appropriate; reciprocal Oklahoma discipline of Reeves is tra… | |
| Robert Dastou v. Kathryn Holmes, No. 2381CV02212 (Mass. Super. Ct.)Massachusetts Superior Court | US-STATE | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Sanctions | — | |
| Coomer v. Lindell, No. 1:22-cv-01129 (D. Colo.)US District Court, District of Colorado | US-FED | Not recorded | — | Sanctions | US$6,000 | |
| Northbound Processing (Pty) Ltd v South African Diamond and Precious Metals Regulator (2025/072038) [2025] ZAGPJHC 661High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division, Johannesburg | ZA | Not recorded | Legal Genius | Regulatory referral | The court referred the practitioners to the Legal Practice Council (Gauteng) for investigation, invoking the Ar… | |
| Nimat Shahid v. Sufyan Esaam (Ga. Ct. App. 2025)Court of Appeals of Georgia | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Fine | US$2,500 | |
| Hussein v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship), 2025 FC 1060; 2025 FC 1138Federal Court of Canada | CA | Lawyer | Visto.ai | Costs order | CA$100 | |
| Ayinde v London Borough of Haringey; Al-Haroun v Qatar National BankHigh Court of England and Wales (Divisional Court) | UK | Not recorded | — | Regulatory referral | Barrister referred to the Bar Standards Board; solicitors referred to the Solicitors Regulation Authority. The… | |
| Mid Central Operating Engineers Health and Welfare Fund v. HoosierVac LLC, No. 2:24-cv-00326-JPH-MJD (S.D. Ind.)US District Court, Southern District of Indiana (Terre Haute Division) | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | US$6,000 · Referred for consideration of further discipline; outcome of disciplinary reference not confirmed | |
| R. v. Chand, 2025 ONCJ 282Ontario Court of Justice | CA | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Garner v. Kadince, Inc., 2025 UT App 80Utah Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Sanctions | US$1,000 | |
| Bandla v Solicitors Regulation Authority, [2025] EWHC 1167 (Admin)High Court of England and Wales (King's Bench Division, Administrative Court) | UK | Not recorded | — | Costs order | £24,727.20 · The appellant had already been struck from the roll of solicitors by the SRA; the fabricated-authority conduct… | |
| Lacey v. State Farm General Insurance Co., No. 2:24-cv-05205-FMO-MAA (C.D. Cal.), Order of Special Master (Ellis George LLP and K&L Gates LLP)US District Court, Central District of California (Special Master Michael R. Wilner, US Magistrate Judge, ret.) | US-FED | Lawyer | CoCounsel, Westlaw Precision and Google Gemini (per counsel's sworn declaration) | Sanctions | US$31,100 | |
| Benjamin v. Costco Wholesale Corp., No. 2:24-cv-7399 (LGD) (E.D.N.Y.)US District Court, Eastern District of New York | US-FED | Lawyer | ChatOn | Fine | US$1,000 | |
| Bevins v. Colgate-Palmolive Co., No. 2:25-cv-00576-MMB (E.D. Pa.)US District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | Clerk directed to serve the memorandum and accompanying order on both bars; no further disposition confirmed | |
| An v. Archblock, Inc. (Del. Ch. 2025)Delaware Court of Chancery | US-STATE | Not recorded | generative AI (unspecified; court cited ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, CoCounsel as examples) | Other | — | |
| Dehghani v. Castro, No. 2:25-cv-00052-MIS-DLM (D.N.M.)US District Court, District of New Mexico | US-FED | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | US$1,500 · Court ordered self-report with copy of order; bar dispositions not confirmed | |
| Dewald v. Massachusetts Mutual Life Ins. Co. (AI avatar at oral argument), App. Div. 1st Dept.unverifiedNew York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department | US-STATE | Not recorded | AI-generated video avatar (tool not named) | Warning | — | |
| Sammaan Capital Ltd v. Mantri Infrastructure Pvt Ltd, CRP No. 49 of 2025High Court of Karnataka, Bengaluru | IN | Not recorded | — | Regulatory referral | — | |
| Wadsworth v. Walmart, Inc., 348 F.R.D. 489 (D. Wyo. 2025)US District Court, District of Wyoming | US-FED | Not recorded | Morgan & Morgan internal AI tool (MX2.law) | Sanctions | US$5,000 | |
| Valu v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs (No 2) [2025] FedCFamC2G 95Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) | AU | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Regulatory referral | The Principal Registrar was directed to refer the solicitor's conduct to the NSW Office of the Legal Services C… | |
| Kohls v. Ellison, No. 0:24-cv-03754 (D. Minn.)US District Court, District of Minnesota | US-FED | Not recorded | GPT-4o | Other | — | |
| Mavundla v MEC: Department of Co-Operative Government and Traditional Affairs, KZN (7940/2024P) [2025] ZAKZPHC 2High Court of South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal Division, Pietermaritzburg | ZA | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Regulatory referral | The court directed the registrar to send the judgment to the Legal Practice Council (KZN) for its attention and… | |
| Buckeye Trust v. PCIT-2, Bangalore, ITA No. 1051/Bang/2024Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, Bengaluru ('A' Bench) | IN | Not recorded | — | Other | — | |
| Al-Hamim v. Star Hearthstone, LLC, 2024 COA 128Colorado Court of Appeals | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Warning | — | |
| Gauthier v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., No. 1:23-CV-281 (E.D. Tex.)US District Court, Eastern District of Texas (Beaumont Division) | US-FED | Not recorded | Claude (Anthropic) | Sanctions | US$2,000 | |
| Dayal [2024] FedCFamC2F 1166Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) | AU | Not recorded | LEAP legal-practice-management AI research tool | Other | On 19 August 2025 the VLSB+C varied the solicitor's practising certificate: he may no longer practise as a prin… | |
| Dukuray v. Experian Information Solutions, No. 23 Civ. 9043 (AT) (GS) (S.D.N.Y.)US District Court, Southern District of New York | US-FED | Litigant in person | ChatGPT (suggested by defendants; court found the suggestion had merit, plaintiff did not confirm) | Warning | — | |
| United States v. Cohen, No. 18-CR-602 (JMF) (S.D.N.Y.)US District Court, Southern District of New York | US-FED | Lawyer | Google Bard | Other | — | |
| Zhang v Chen, 2024 BCSC 285Supreme Court of British Columbia | CA | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Costs order | LSBC investigation into the lawyer's conduct followed the judgment; the court ordered costs against the lawyer… | |
| Kruse v. Karlen, No. ED111172 (Mo. Ct. App., E.D.)Missouri Court of Appeals, Eastern District | US-STATE | Not recorded | — | Sanctions | US$10,000 | |
| Smith v. Farwell, No. 2282CV01197 (Mass. Super. Ct., Norfolk Cnty.)Massachusetts Superior Court, Norfolk County (Davis, J.) | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Sanctions | US$2,000 | |
| Park v. Kim, 91 F.4th 610 (2d Cir. 2024)US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | US-FED | Not recorded | ChatGPT (OpenAI) | Regulatory referral | While affirming the dismissal on the merits, the court referred Attorney Jae S. Lee to its Grievance Panel unde… | |
| Matter of Samuel, 2024 NY Slip Op 24014, 82 Misc 3d 616 (Sur Ct, Kings County 2024)New York Surrogate's Court, Kings County | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Other | — | |
| Harber v Commissioners for HMRC, [2023] UKFTT 1007 (TC)First-tier Tribunal (Tax Chamber) | UK | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Dismissal | — | |
| Morgan v. Community Against Violence, No. 1:23-cv-00353-WPJ/JMR (D.N.M.)US District Court, District of New Mexico | US-FED | Litigant in person | — | Warning | — | |
| Thomas v. Pangburn, No. 4:23-cv-00046-RSB-CLR (CV423-046) (S.D. Ga.)US District Court, Southern District of Georgia (Savannah Division) | US-FED | Litigant in person | — | Dismissal | — | |
| Ex parte Allen Michael Lee, No. 10-22-00281-CR (Tex. App.—Waco July 19, 2023) (published)Texas Court of Appeals, Tenth District (Waco) | US-STATE | Lawyer | — | Other | — | |
| Parker v Forsyth NNO and Others (1585/20) [2023] ZAGPRD 1Regional Court, Johannesburg (Gauteng Regional Division) | ZA | Lawyer | ChatGPT | Costs order | — | |
| Mata v Avianca, Inc.US District Court, Southern District of New York | US-FED | Not recorded | ChatGPT | Sanctions | US$5,000 |
Regulatory outcomes
What regulators did next
When the public record shows a disciplinary, bar, patent-office or regulator disposition after a court incident, we record the follow-up alongside the case.
- Cervantes v. Bianco, No. S295866 (Cal. Sept. 24, 2026)
The Supreme Court referred the matter to the State Bar of California to determine whether discipline is warranted. No State Bar disposition has been published.
US-STATE - Douglas v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Co., No. 24-CV-1099 (D.C. Ct. App.)
The Court of Appeals struck appellee's brief and referred the matter to the Office of Disciplinary Counsel for any investigation it deems appropriate. No disci…
US-STATE - Varma v. The Bank of New York Mellon, No. E085566 (Cal. Ct. App.)
The court directed the clerk to send a copy of the opinion to the State Bar for investigation of possible unauthorized practice of law related to the opening b…
US-STATE - SRA v Abhishek Kumar, Case No. 12884-2026 (SDT)
The Tribunal found breaches of SRA Principles 1, 2 and 5 and Code paragraph 1.4, and found Code paragraph 2.4 proved in part, arising from Kumar's AI-generated…
UK - Capital Standard, LLC v. U.S. Bank National Association, No. 2D2024-1392 (Fla. 2d DCA)
Court referred counsel to The Florida Bar. No disposition on record.
US-STATE - In re Faisal S. Ahmed (Minnesota attorney discipline)
30-day suspension by stipulation, reported 21 August 2026; the Supreme Court order has not been located.
US-STATE
All 51 regulatory outcomes are in the table above — filter Outcome → Regulatory referral
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