Incident Tracker

MS (Professional conduct, AI generated documents) Bangladesh, [2025] UKUT 305 (IAC)

referral

Before the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber), barrister Muhammad Mujeebur Rahman cited a fabricated Court of Appeal case, Y (China), drafted using ChatGPT without verification. The tribunal, led by its President Mr Justice Dove, referred him to the Bar Standards Board for breaching duties of honesty, integrity and competence.

Date of decision/order

2025-08-12

Court

Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber)

Jurisdiction

UK

AI tool

ChatGPT

Conduct

Counsel drafted grounds of appeal citing a fabricated Court of Appeal authority, Y (China) [2010] EWCA Civ 116, using ChatGPT and carried out no verification against reputable legal databases. He admitted using ChatGPT both when drafting the grounds and during the hearing.

Consequence

See outcome

Regulatory outcome

Bar Standards Board: The Upper Tribunal, presided over by its President Mr Justice Dove, referred barrister Muhammad Mujeebur Rahman to the Bar Standards Board for investigation, finding he had breached professional duties of honesty, integrity and competence. (2025-08-12)