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Courts on AI / Fabricated or misquoted citations

Webb v. Sullivan County Assessor

Indiana Tax Court · Other · IN · · No. 25T-TA-00029 · order

The Indiana Tax Court denies Chryshawna and Jeremy Webb’s pro se motion to supplement an administrative tax record. In a note on artificial intelligence, the court says cited rules did not support the Webbs’ propositions, admonishes them for likely generative-AI use, and imposes no further penalties.

Disposition
The court denied the Webbs’ motion to supplement the certified record and admonished them for unverified AI-assisted legal presentations.
Recorded conduct
Self-represented petitioners cited real court rules for propositions those rules did not support, leading the court to believe generative AI was used without verification. — outcome: warning; actor: litigant in person
Canonical record
Incident tracker entry — verified outcome, regulator disposition and related rules

What the court wrote

Verbatim from the court's document (public domain). Ellipses mark omitted text; nothing is paraphrased.

NOTE ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The Webbs refer to various court rules in their motion to support their request to supplement the record. While the rules the Webbs cite do exist, they plainly do not stand for any of the propositions that the Webbs advance. This leads the Court to believe that the Webbs used generative AI in producing their Motion to Supplement the Record. The Court recognizes the benefits of generative AI, especially for self-represented parties like the Webbs, and does not wish to dissuade its responsible use. But that does not relieve attorneys and self-represented litigants of their duty to independently verify the authenticity and accuracy of authoritative sources cited to the Court. Courts “must be able to rely on the authenticity of the authorities cited by the parties to make just decisions.” Williams v. Kirch, 268 N.E.3d 284, 288 (Ind. Ct. App. 2025). Generative AI tools are not reliable for legal citation and “frequently generate fictitious case names and citations.” Wilcox v. Gingrinch, 274 N.E.3d 1269, 1277 (Ind. Ct. App. 2026). Even when such tools do cite authentic cases, they frequently mischaracterize their meaning or essential holdings. See, e.g., Sanders v. United States, 176 Fed. Cl. 163, 170 (Fed. Cl. 2025) (“AI programs can generate fake case citations and other legal misstatements.”). While this technology will undoubtedly be refined and improved in the course of time, litigants must continue to exercise care to ensure that the information gleaned from such sources is reliable and accurate. Accordingly, the Court admonishes the Webbs for failing to confirm the accuracy of their legal presentations but will impose no further penalties.

Authorities cited in the passage: Williams v. Kirch, 268 N.E.3d 284 (Ind. Ct. App. 2025) · Wilcox v. Gingrinch, 274 N.E.3d 1269 (Ind. Ct. App. 2026) · Sanders v. United States, 176 Fed. Cl. 163 (Fed. Cl. 2025)

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