Justice-sector AI / United States / U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit

LLM ordinary-meaning research in United States v. Deleon

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Court · 2024-09-05

status as stated: disclosed in concurrenceCourt discloses its own AI useGenerative AIOpenAI; Google; Anthropic

The Eleventh Circuit published United States v. Deleon on September 5, 2024. Judge Newsom's concurrence states that he used ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini for research on the ordinary meaning of “physically restrained.”

The LLM research that I conducted in connection with this case isn’t dispositive, but I do think it’s informative.

Judge, as named in the opinion: NEWSOM, Circuit Judge

Official record: media.ca11.uscourts.gov · archived copy
Read: 2026-09-07 · primary document read
Found via: ca11-opinion, united-states-v-deleon
Notes: The task described the case as 2025; the official Eleventh Circuit PDF states Date Filed: 09/05/2024.

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