Justice-sector AI / United States / District of Columbia Court of Appeals

ChatGPT references and judicial-use discussion in Ross v. United States

District of Columbia Court of Appeals · District of Columbia · Court · 2025-02-20

status as stated: disclosed in opinionCourt discloses its own AI useGenerative AIOpenAI

The D.C. Court of Appeals published Ross v. United States on February 20, 2025. The opinions discuss the majority and dissent using ChatGPT, and Judge Howard adds cautions about court AI use, security, privacy, reliability, and bias.

the dissent makes use of the ChatGPT large language model artificial intelligence tool by OpenAI, and the majority opinion responds in-kind

Judge, as named in the opinion: SHANKER, Associate Judge; HOWARD, Associate Judge; DEAHL, Associate Judge

Official record: dccourts.gov · archived copy
Read: 2026-09-07 · primary document read
Found via: dc-court-opinion, ross-v-united-states
Notes: D.C. Courts returned 403 for robots.txt; the official PDF text was read through the Wayback fallback.

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