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Regulation Tracker / EU AI Act / Chapter IX · Section 3

Article 75a
Supervisory and enforcement powers of the AI Office

Chapter IX — Post-market monitoring by providers and post-market monitoring plan for high-risk AI systems, Section 3 — Market surveillance and control of AI systems in the Union market. 9 distinct duties, powers or definitions are coded from this article, applying from 2026-08-02.

Inserted by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 (Digital Omnibus on AI), in force 2026-07-27. The text below is the consolidated version of 27 July 2026; the amending regulation are on EUR-Lex.

official text: EUR-Lex (consolidated 27 Jul 2026) · text © European Union (Decision 2011/833/EU) · coding CC BY 4.0 · data: obligations.json · Hugging Face · GitHub

The text

1. When exercising its tasks of supervision and enforcement laid down in Article 75(1) of this Regulation, the AI Office shall have all the powers of a market surveillance authority provided for in this Section and in Article 14(4) and Article 16(3) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020. The AI Office shall be authorised to fully reclaim from the relevant operator the totality of the costs of its supervision and enforcement activities with respect to instances of non-compliance, including costs for human and technical resources, in accordance with Article 15 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020. Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 shall apply mutatis mutandis.

2. Where the AI Office has reasonable grounds to suspect non-compliance with this Regulation by a provider or a deployer of an AI system referred to in Article 75(1) of this Regulation, it may adopt a decision to start an investigation into that non-compliance in accordance with Article 14(4), point (f) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020. Upon starting such an investigation, the AI Office shall notify the operator of the AI system concerned. The AI Office may exercise the powers referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article on its own initiative or following a complaint received pursuant to Article 85 of this Regulation, even before starting an investigation pursuant to Article 14(4), point (f) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020.

3. The AI Office may exercise the powers listed in Article 14(4), points (a), (b) and (c) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and Article 74(12) and (13) of this Regulation by simple request or by decision.

4. In order to carry out the tasks assigned to it under this Section, the AI Office may conduct all necessary remote or on-site inspections pursuant to the powers laid down in Article 14(4), points (d) and (e) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and Article 74(5) of this Regulation. When conducting an inspection, the AI Office shall inform the provider concerned of the subject matter and purpose of the investigation, the relevant fines referred to in Article 99(5) of this Regulation, and the right to have the decision reviewed by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Prior to conducting an inspection, the AI Office shall inform the market surveillance authority of the Member State in the territory of which the operator or its legal representative is situated.

5. At the request of the AI Office, the competent market surveillance authority of a Member State may in its own territory carry out any investigation, inspection or other fact-finding measure on behalf and for the account of the AI Office in order to establish whether there has been an infringement of this Regulation. The officials of the competent authorities of the Member States who are responsible for conducting such investigations, inspections, or fact-finding measures, as well as those authorised or appointed by them, shall exercise their powers in accordance with their national law.

6. In addition to the powers set out in paragraph 1 of this Article, the AI Office, in the exercise of its competences referred to in Article 75(1), may:

  1. (a)order operators to provide access to, and explanations relating to, their AI systems;
  2. (b)impose an obligation on an operator to retain all data and documents deemed to be necessary to assess the implementation of and compliance with the obligations under this Regulation.

7. To assist it in monitoring the effective implementation and compliance with the relevant provisions of this Regulation and to provide it with specific expertise or knowledge in the exercise of its competences under Article 75(1), the AI Office may appoint independent external experts and auditors, as well as experts, investigative teams and auditors from the Member State’s competent authorities with the agreement of the authority concerned. Information obtained as a result of such monitoring actions shall be shared with the relevant competent authorities of the Member States.

8. Information collected pursuant to this Article shall be used only for the purpose of this Regulation.

What it requires, coded

SafeLegalAI's reading of each duty in this article: who, what, from when, under which fine tier, and whether it reaches a firm, chambers, court or legal-AI vendor. Descriptive, not advice; the quoted words are the Regulation's.

  1. Art. 75a(1)Enforcement powerNot tier-specific

    For Article 75(1) supervision and enforcement, the AI Office has all market-surveillance powers in the AI Act section and Regulation 2019/1020 and may reclaim supervision and enforcement costs for non-compliance.

    "the AI Office shall have all the powers of a market surveillance authority provided for in this Section and in Article 14(4) and Article 16(3) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020."
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — Operators of legal-AI systems under AI Office competence can face market-surveillance powers and cost recovery.
    See
    Art. 75(1) · Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 Article 14(4) · Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 Article 16(3)

  2. Art. 75a(2)Enforcement powerNot tier-specific

    Where the AI Office has reasonable grounds to suspect non-compliance by an Article 75(1) provider or deployer, it may start an investigation and must notify the operator.

    "it may adopt a decision to start an investigation into that non-compliance in accordance with Article 14(4), point (f) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020."
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — Legal-AI providers or deployers under AI Office competence may become subject to AI Office investigations.
    See
    Art. 75(1) · Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 Article 14(4)(f)

  3. Art. 75a(2)Enforcement powerNot tier-specific

    The AI Office may exercise its powers on its own initiative or following an Article 85 complaint, even before formally starting an investigation.

    "The AI Office may exercise the powers referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article on its own initiative or following a complaint received pursuant to Article 85 of this Regulation"
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — Complaints may trigger AI Office powers against supervised legal-AI systems before a formal investigation starts.
    See
    Art. 75a(1) · Art. 85

  4. Art. 75a(3)Enforcement powerNot tier-specific

    The AI Office may use specified information-gathering and access powers by simple request or by formal decision.

    "The AI Office may exercise the powers listed in Article 14(4), points (a), (b) and (c) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and Article 74(12) and (13) of this Regulation by simple request or by decision."
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — This defines how the AI Office can request information or access from supervised legal-AI operators.
    See
    Art. 74(12) · Art. 74(13) · Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 Article 14(4)

  5. Art. 75a(4)Enforcement powerNot tier-specific

    The AI Office may conduct necessary remote or on-site inspections for its section tasks and must inform the provider of the subject, purpose, possible fines, review right and notify the relevant market surveillance authority beforehand.

    "the AI Office may conduct all necessary remote or on-site inspections pursuant to the powers laid down in Article 14(4), points (d) and (e) of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020"
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — AI Office inspections may affect legal-AI providers under Article 75(1).
    See
    Art. 99(5) · Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 Article 14(4)(d) · Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 Article 14(4)(e)

  6. Art. 75a(5)Cooperation with authoritiesNot tier-specific

    At the AI Office request, a Member State market surveillance authority may carry out investigations, inspections or other fact-finding measures in its territory on behalf of the AI Office.

    "the competent market surveillance authority of a Member State may in its own territory carry out any investigation, inspection or other fact-finding measure on behalf and for the account of the AI Office"
    Who
    Market surveillance authority, AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — National authorities may assist AI Office investigations of legal-AI systems located in their territory.
    See
    Art. 75a(4)

  7. Art. 75a(6)Enforcement powerNot tier-specific

    In Article 75(1) competences, the AI Office may order operators to provide access and explanations for AI systems and to retain data and documents needed to assess implementation and compliance.

    "order operators to provide access to, and explanations relating to, their AI systems;"
    Who
    AI Office, Any operator
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — Legal-AI operators under AI Office competence may receive access, explanation and retention orders.
    See
    Art. 75(1)

  8. Art. 75a(7)Governance institutionalNot tier-specific

    The AI Office may appoint independent experts, auditors, investigative teams and Member State experts to support monitoring and enforcement expertise, and share resulting information with relevant national authorities.

    "the AI Office may appoint independent external experts and auditors, as well as experts, investigative teams and auditors from the Member State’s competent authorities"
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Institutional — This is institutional support for AI Office supervision and may indirectly affect supervised legal-AI systems.
    See
    Art. 75(1)

  9. Art. 75a(8)Cooperation with authoritiesNot tier-specific

    Information collected under Article 75a may be used only for the purposes of the AI Act.

    "Information collected pursuant to this Article shall be used only for the purpose of this Regulation."
    Who
    AI Office
    From
    (Art. 113 second subparagraph (general application))
    Legal practice
    Reaches legal-AI vendors or public bodies — This limits use of information collected from supervised legal-AI providers or deployers.
    See
    Art. 75a

Cite

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 75a (Supervisory and enforcement powers of the AI Office), as amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744, consolidated text of 27 July 2026, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/2026-07-27/eng#art_75a — text © European Union; only the Official Journal is authentic. Coding: SafeLegalAI (published by Cognesio LLP), "EU AI Act, structured", safelegalai.com/regulation/eu-ai-act/article-75a, accessed 2026-09-08, CC BY 4.0.