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Regulation Tracker / United States (state)

Ohio Ethics Guide: Artificial Intelligence for Lawyers and Judicial Officers

Ohio Board of Professional Conduct · Ohio

last revised 2026-06-02last verified 2026-09-041 versioncountry page →

GuidanceIn forceCompetenceConfidentialityVerification dutySupervision

map categories:Bar guidance on generative AIJudges' use of AIBilling for AI workClient data in AI toolsDuty to verify AI outputTechnological competenceSupervision of AI workDisclosure of AI use in filings

Nonbinding Board staff guidance applying the Ohio Rules of Professional Conduct and the Code of Judicial Conduct to AI. It covers competence, confidentiality, client communication, independent professional judgment, fees, candor to the tribunal and hallucinated citations, supervision of staff and vendors, and a substantial judicial section on competence, independent decision-making, ex parte risk and confidentiality.

Applies to
lawyers, judges, firms
Effective
See version history
Current version
Original · 02 Jun 2026
Last verified
04 Sept 2026
Official text
kybar.org/Portals/0/Documents/Ohio%20AI%20Guide%20for%20Attorneys.pdf

What the document requires

  • The Ohio Rules of Professional Conduct do not prohibit lawyers from using AI, but AI is now a 'relevant technology' for the duty of competence
  • Lawyers may bill only for time actually spent, not the time a task would have taken without AI; standard AI tool costs are usually non-billable overhead
  • Filing documents with fictitious citations, quotes or propositions of law implicates Prof.Cond.R. 3.3(a), 8.4(c), 8.4(d) and 3.1
  • A lawyer who learns a filing contains a hallucination must immediately notify the court and opposing counsel
  • A lawyer must comply with local rules and standing orders on the use and disclosure of AI tools (Prof.Cond.R. 3.4)
  • A judge should never use AI to decide the ultimate conclusion in a case and should avoid AI-produced first drafts of decisions or orders
  • Judges and staff must not enter confidential case information, or anything revealing judicial mental processes, into general or free public AI tools

Version history

VersionDateWhat changedSource
Originalcurrent2026-06-02Issued and distributed to Ohio lawyers and judicial officersofficial

Sources

Cite this record

SafeLegalAI Legal AI Regulation Tracker, "Ohio Ethics Guide: Artificial Intelligence for Lawyers and Judicial Officers" (Ohio Board of Professional Conduct, Original, 2026-06-02), safelegalai.com/regulation/us-state/us-oh-ethics-guide-artificial-intelligence (accessed 2026-09-04). Data: CC BY 4.0.

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