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Regulation Tracker · 20 questions

Do courts have rules for their own AI systems?

Policies on the court system's own AI: transcription, translation, e-filing triage, research assistants for judges.

As of 2026-09-04, 14 of 130 countries and entities have a binding rule for courts' own AI deployment, 21 have official guidance, 6 have a proposal, 0 are set by case law, 66 were checked with nothing found and 23 remain unclear. Binding countries: Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Croatia, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Nepal, Philippines, Spain, Vietnam.

Binding ruleOfficial guidanceProposed / consultationSet by case lawNothing foundNot yet determined
World map coloured by Courts' own AI deploymentCountries are coloured by Courts' own AI deployment status. Faint land has no record yet.

Tap or hover a country. Faint land has no record yet. Miller projection; boundaries as published by Natural Earth (India point of view) — see the disclaimer.

Where this rule exists, by status

Binding rule14

Argentina

Americas · verified 2026-09-04

Acordada 10/2025 authorised AI-generated plain-language summaries of all judgments published through the federal case system, with more than 110,000 summaries by October 2025. Provincial deployments in Santa Fe and Rio Negro are governed by their own acordadas.

Croatia

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

The Rulebook on the anonymisation, publication and search of anonymised court decisions, in force 1 January 2025: the ANON AI system anonymises, extracts metadata and classifies decisions automatically at first instance, while higher-court and Supreme Court decisions are anonymised by authorised staff from ANON's proposals.

Denmark

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

LOV nr 467/2025 § 2(4)–(5): Domstolsstyrelsen is market surveillance authority for courts' use of AI systems when the courts are not acting in their capacity as a court; where they are, the court itself decides, subject to appeal to a higher court within four weeks. No published deployment policy or tool inventory found.

India

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

Regional. Kerala and Gujarat High Court policies restrict district courts to approved AI tools for research, translation and administration. The Supreme Court runs SUVAS for translation and SUPACE for research assistance; the draft 2026 regulations would create an apex AI body, High Court AI committees and a central CoRE-AI centre.

Indonesia

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

Operational rather than regulated. The Supreme Court deploys Smart Majelis, an AI application that automatically assigns judicial panels, piloted in August 2025 and shipped in SIPP v6.0.1 from November 2025, and is developing a Decision Support System to reduce inconsistent decisions. Both were deployed by administrative instruction, not by PERMA or SEMA.

Israel

Middle East · verified 2026-09-04

Procedure 01-26 sets principles, operative instructions and control mechanisms for the judiciary's own AI, requires that use be visible to the public with tailored disclosure rules, and bars non-internal tools for case data. Deployments: AI courtroom transcription from the 2025-26 legal year and 'Chat HaMishpat' (Gemini-based) for roughly 1,650 judges and legal assistants.

Italy

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Law 132/2025 article 15(2)-(3): the Ministry of Justice regulates AI use for court-service organisation and ancillary administration; until the EU AI Act is fully applicable, any experimentation or use of AI in ordinary judicial offices must be authorised by the Ministry after consulting AgID and the national cybersecurity agency.

Philippines

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

No AI tool may be used unless authorised by the Supreme Court En Banc, with a phased pilot-then-rollout process. Scriptix voice-to-text was piloted from July 2023 to September 2024 in the Sandiganbayan and 41 trial courts, cutting transcription time by 50 to 80 per cent, with full rollout procured in 2025; eCourt PH 2.0 continues.

Spain

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Royal Decree-Law 6/2023 regulates automated, proactive and assisted actions in the justice administration: assisted actions produce drafts under full human control and take effect only after validation. Instruccion 2/2026 article 9 restricts judges to systems supplied by the competent administrations, with CGPJ supervision of personal-data processing.

Vietnam

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

Operational at national scale. The Court Virtual Assistant is in live use by judges for drafting support, retrieval, summarisation and automated case-file processing, rolled out to roughly 400 connection points, and the Supreme People's Court is pursuing sovereign AI on its own data. The governing instrument could not be located.

Official guidance21

Australia

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

Addressed inside the judicial guidelines rather than a standalone deployment policy: NSW guidelines govern associates, tipstaves and researchers; Victoria's judicial guidelines cover chambers staff and require the judicial officer to verify any administrative AI output. No published court procurement or deployment policy was found.

Canada

Americas · verified 2026-09-04

The Federal Court published interim principles on its own AI use on 29 September 2025. The Superior Court of Quebec adopted an AI governance framework in September 2025 and ran a chatbot pilot as a judicial support tool. The CJC guidelines govern federally appointed judges' institutional use.

Egypt

Africa · verified 2026-09-04

Egypt's National AI Strategy (2nd edition, Jan 2025) names the judiciary a target sector for the national Arabic model, listing transcription of legal proceedings, case classification, litigation and claim assessment, virtual legal aid and drafting assistance for judges; Egyptian-accent speech recognition is already used to produce court minutes.

France

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Administrative jurisdiction: the Conseil d'État charter covers internal SIA and excludes high-risk systems, limiting internal projects to low-risk tasks (anonymisation, research support). Judicial order: the Ministry of Justice report 'L'IA au service de la justice' (Aug 2025) and a sovereign internal generative-AI assistant for magistrates and staff, with 'Mon Assistant Pénal' and 'Mon Assistant Civil' built with the Paris Court of Appeal.

International bodies

International bodies · verified 2026-09-04

Netherlands

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

The Rechtspraak AI strategy governs institutional deployment: low-risk uses (scheduling, pseudonymisation of judgments, inflow prediction and routing, B1-level summaries, chatbot public information, deadline checks, case-law search), a data-and-AI platform, compliance with the AI Act, transparency, and entry of every AI use in a publicly accessible algorithm/AI register. RechtspraakGPT is the in-house assistant.

Pakistan

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

The NJPMC guidelines of April 2026 frame institutional AI adoption. The Federal Judicial Academy's Judge-GPT, a retrieval system over roughly 130,000 Pakistani judgments, was trialled from 2024 with about 1,559 trial judges; results published in August 2026 showed a 6.3 per cent rise in disposals.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East · verified 2026-09-04

SDAIA's Generative AI Guidelines for Government apply to government entities including the Ministry of Justice, requiring transparency, human oversight and risk management. The ministry operates the Najiz portal (140+ judicial e-services) and a virtual enforcement court launched March 2022; no court-specific AI policy is published.

South Korea

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

The judiciary runs a closed trial-support AI in pilot across courts for research and summarisation, with issue analysis due by May 2027 and full rollout in June 2028, a sentencing-support AI due December 2028, and AI pilot trial divisions in the Patent Court from April 2026 using generative AI with parties' consent.

Sweden

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Domstolsverket runs AI projects with internal rules: an AI redaction/masking service for confidential data in released documents, and an AI translation tool for judgments. Staff guidelines restrict what may be entered into public tools.

Taiwan

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

The Judicial Yuan generative-AI judgment-drafting system, announced 27 August 2023, runs an on-premises model for two offence types with drug offences piloted from December 2023, alongside speech recognition and chatbots. The 2026 guidelines govern internal AI use.

Türkiye

Middle East · verified 2026-09-04

Deployment without a governing policy. The 2025 Presidential Annual Programme committed the Ministry of Justice to expanding AI in justice services and building decision-support and recommendation systems. In Aug 2026 the Ministry's IT Directorate rolled out an OCR-plus-classification module in UYAP for criminal miscellaneous requests.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East · verified 2026-09-04

No court-specific AI policy. The UAE Charter for the Development and Use of AI (UAE AI Office, July 2024) sets 12 non-binding principles for government AI, including human oversight and accountability. The Ministry of Justice runs AI services (Virtual Legal Advisor, 'Ask Adel' chatbot, smart OCR); an integrated AI judicial platform was announced 28 July 2026.

United States

Americas · verified 2026-09-04

The AO established an advisory AI Task Force in early 2025 and issued interim guidance on 31 July 2025 covering use, procurement and security of AI tools; courts are encouraged to define locally approved tools and tasks. The September 2025 judiciary Strategic Plan calls for a formal AI governance framework.

Proposed / consultation6

Norway

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Norwegian courts use Microsoft 365 Copilot as an internal support tool after Domstoladministrasjonen risk assessments; guidelines were being finalised in 2025 and no public deployment policy had been published as of 4 September 2026.

Poland

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

The Ministry of Justice is running proof-of-concept AI and automation projects in courts and prosecution services and maintains a dedicated portal, si-dla-sprawiedliwosci.gov.pl; no adopted deployment policy located as of 4 September 2026.

South Africa

Africa · verified 2026-09-04

Resolutions 5.1 and 5.4 of the 2026 Judiciary Conference direct modernisation of court systems and use of customised, secure AI platforms, initially for court recording and transcription, translation, case management and document summarisation. No policy is yet adopted.

Set by case law0

No countries in this status.

Nothing found66

Afghanistanprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Albaniaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Algeriaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Armeniaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Azerbaijanprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Bangladesh

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy found as of 4 September 2026.

Belarusprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Boliviaprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Bosnia and Herzegovinaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Botswanaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Bruneiprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Bulgariaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No Supreme Judicial Council AI policy was found. The council publishes e-justice and case-processing updates, but no court AI deployment rule or guidance was located.

Cambodiaprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Cameroonprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Côte d'Ivoireprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Cubaprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Ethiopiaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Georgiaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Ghana

Africa · verified 2026-09-04

no rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026

Guatemalaprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Hondurasprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Iceland

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

No policy on the Icelandic courts' own AI deployment (transcription, translation, triage) found as of 4 September 2026.

Iranprovisional

Middle East · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Iraqprovisional

Middle East · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Jamaicaprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Kazakhstanprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Kuwait

Middle East · verified 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026. The Ministry of Justice launched the first phase of electronic litigation for criminal orders in July 2026 and an official electronic seal, but no AI component or AI policy is published; the ministry website contains no AI reference.

Kyrgyzstanprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Laosprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Lebanonprovisional

Middle East · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Macaoprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Moldovaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Mongoliaprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Montenegroprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Morocco

Africa · verified 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026. Morocco's e-justice / justice numérique digitisation programme is well established, but no published policy on the courts' own use of AI was located; the CSPJ website was unreachable from outside Morocco during checks.

Myanmarprovisional

Asia-Pacific · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Nicaraguaprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Nigeria

Africa · verified 2026-09-04

No policy on judiciary AI deployment. Digitisation is proceeding via the National Case Management System and mandatory e-filing of Supreme Court processes from 1 Jul 2026, neither of which addresses AI.

North Macedoniaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Omanprovisional

Middle East · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Paraguayprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Peru

Americas · verified 2026-09-04

The Supreme Court presented Curia on 14 March 2025, a generative-AI assistant trained on more than 800,000 resolutions that drafts reasoned decisions for judicial review, but no governing policy had been adopted as of 4 September 2026.

Puerto Ricoprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

Puerto Rico courts operate the Tribunal Electronico/SUMAC portal; no court AI deployment policy was found as of 4 September 2026.

Qatar

Middle East · verified 2026-09-04

No published policy on the courts' own AI deployment. The Ministry of Justice has publicised AI ambitions for the justice system since September 2023 and publishes AI research in its Journal of Judicial and Legal Studies.

Russiaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Rwandaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Senegalprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Serbiaprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

Serbia operates a National AI Platform for development and public-sector use, but no published court AI deployment policy or judicial guidance was located.

Slovenia

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

No policy on courts' own AI systems found as of 4 September 2026.

Sri Lanka

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy found as of 4 September 2026.

Tanzaniaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Trinidad and Tobagoprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Tunisiaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Ugandaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Ukraineprovisional

Europe · researched 2026-09-04

No rule, guidance or reported case found as of 4 September 2026.

Venezuelaprovisional

Americas · researched 2026-09-04

No published court AI deployment policy or court-owned AI project found as of 4 September 2026.

Zambiaprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Zimbabweprovisional

Africa · researched 2026-09-04

No court or ministry policy on the courts’ own deployment of AI systems was found as of 4 September 2026.

Not yet determined23

Austria

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no published Austrian policy on institutional court AI deployment identified before the search budget was exhausted.

Belgium

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no published Belgian policy on institutional court AI deployment identified before the search budget was exhausted.

Cyprus

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not checked because the research budget was exhausted.

Czechia

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no published policy on the Czech courts' own AI deployment could be checked; usoud.cz refused connection during this session.

Estonia

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

No published policy on Estonian courts' institutional AI deployment was located; the Ministry of Justice and Digital Affairs runs national AI programmes (test environment, privacy-protection support) but none is court-specific.

Finland

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

No published policy on the Finnish courts' own AI deployment was located. Tuomioistuinvirasto's site lists no AI programme; the AIPA case-management programme documentation could not be checked during research.

Germany

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not fully checked — the WebSearch budget was exhausted before German court AI deployment policies (Land-level pilots, Bund-Länder digitalisation programmes) could be verified against official sources.

Greece

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

The OECD reported in June 2025 that Greek justice-sector AI is used for document processing, case-law search, speech-to-text and translation, but no policy document governing court AI was located and the digital-justice reforms could not be checked.

Hungary

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — birosag.hu (OBH) returned HTTP 403 on 4 September 2026 and no court AI deployment policy could be checked.

Latvia

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Tiesu administrācija operates Latvia's court information systems and e-file, but no published policy on institutional AI deployment (transcription, triage, translation) was located during research.

Lithuania

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

The National Courts Administration operates Lithuania's LITEKO court information system, but no published policy on institutional AI deployment was located during research.

Luxembourg

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no published Luxembourg policy on institutional court AI deployment identified.

Malta

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

A reported court AI pilot could not be located. Malta's recovery-fund justice digitalisation, due in mid-2026, lists virtual sittings and case management rather than AI; government AI pilots cover other sectors.

Mexico

Americas · verified 2026-09-04

The SCJN operates a public virtual assistant, JusticIA, over its own published materials, and individual federal and state judges have deployed AI in case preparation, but no published institutional AI policy was located; official SCJN and CJF sources could not be opened during this pass.

Romania

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no policy on the Romanian courts' institutional AI deployment could be checked.

Singapore

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

Not established. No published policy on the Singapore Judiciary's own institutional AI deployment was located; the judiciary's news and registrar's-circular indexes are JavaScript-driven and could not be searched after the session search budget was exhausted.

Slovakia

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no policy on the Slovak courts' institutional AI deployment could be checked without search access.

Switzerland

Europe · verified 2026-09-04

Not researched — no published Swiss policy on institutional court AI deployment identified before the search budget was exhausted.

Thailand

Asia-Pacific · verified 2026-09-04

Not substantiated. No Courts of Justice AI system was documented on the pages that could be opened.

Cite this page

SafeLegalAI Legal AI Regulation Tracker, "Courts' own AI deployment" by country, https://safelegalai.com/regulation/category/court-own-use (accessed 2026-09-04). Data: CC BY 4.0.

SafeLegalAI is a research publication by Cognesio LLP, not a law firm. Nothing here is legal advice, and no lawyer–client relationship arises from reading it. Rules change; always check the official document linked on each record and take advice on your own situation. Researched and drafted with AI assistance; verified against primary sources and edited by Cognesio LLP. The linked official documents are the record — our summaries are not the law and are not legal advice.